Cyclic voltammetry CV is an electroanalytical technique that measures the current response of a redox-active species in this case, copper as a function of the applied potential. The concentration of copper in a water sample can affect the peak current observed in CV, as the peak current is directly proportional to the concentration of the redox-active species.According to the Randles-Sevcik equation, the relationship between the peak current ip and the concentration of the redox-active species C can be expressed as:ip = n * A * D^1/2 * C * v^1/2Where:- ip is the peak current- n is the number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction for copper, n = 2 - A is the electrode surface area- D is the diffusion coefficient of the redox-active species- C is the concentration of the redox-active species copper in this case - v is the scan rateFrom this equation, it is clear that the peak current ip is directly proportional to the concentration of copper C in the water sample. Therefore, as the concentration of copper increases, the peak current observed in cyclic voltammetry will also increase.To determine the concentration of copper in a water sample using cyclic voltammetry, you can follow these steps:1. Prepare a series of standard solutions with known concentrations of copper.2. Perform cyclic voltammetry on each standard solution and record the peak current for each concentration.3. Plot the peak current ip as a function of the copper concentration C to create a calibration curve. The relationship should be linear, as indicated by the Randles-Sevcik equation.4. Perform cyclic voltammetry on the unknown water sample and record the peak current.5. Use the calibration curve to determine the concentration of copper in the unknown water sample by finding the corresponding concentration value for the measured peak current.By following these steps, you can accurately determine the concentration of copper in a water sample using cyclic voltammetry.