To calculate the yield of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, we need to first determine the theoretical yield and then compare it to the actual yield obtained.1. Calculate the moles of benzoic acid used:The molecular weight of benzoic acid C7H6O2 is 122.12 g/mol.moles of benzoic acid = mass of benzoic acid / molecular weight of benzoic acid moles of benzoic acid = 10 g / 122.12 g/mol = 0.0819 mol2. Determine the stoichiometry of the reaction:The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:C7H6O2 + 2 Cl2 C7H4Cl2O2From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of benzoic acid reacts with 2 moles of chlorine gas to produce 1 mole of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid.3. Calculate the theoretical yield of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid:Since we have excess chlorine gas, benzoic acid is the limiting reagent. Therefore, the moles of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid produced will be equal to the moles of benzoic acid used.moles of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid = 0.0819 molThe molecular weight of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid C7H4Cl2O2 is 191.02 g/mol.theoretical yield of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid = moles of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid * molecular weight of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid theoretical yield = 0.0819 mol * 191.02 g/mol = 15.64 g4. Calculate the percentage yield:percentage yield = actual yield / theoretical yield * 100percentage yield = 6.5 g / 15.64 g * 100 = 41.56%The yield of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid formed in this synthesis is 41.56%.