To calculate the theoretical yield, we first need to determine the stoichiometry of the reaction and the molecular weights of the reactants and product.The reaction is as follows:C7H6O2 benzoic acid + 2 HNO3 nitric acid -> C7H4N2O6 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid + 2 H2O water Molecular weights:Benzoic acid C7H6O2 : 7 12.01 + 6 1.01 + 2 16.00 = 122.12 g/mol2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid C7H4N2O6 : 7 12.01 + 4 1.01 + 2 14.01 + 6 16.00 = 212.14 g/molNow, we can determine the moles of benzoic acid used in the reaction:moles of benzoic acid = mass / molecular weightmoles of benzoic acid = 10 g / 122.12 g/mol = 0.0819 molAccording to the stoichiometry of the reaction, 1 mole of benzoic acid produces 1 mole of 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid. Therefore, the moles of 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid produced are the same as the moles of benzoic acid used.Theoretical yield of 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid = moles * molecular weightTheoretical yield = 0.0819 mol * 212.14 g/mol = 17.37 gHowever, the reaction has a 75% yield, so we need to take this into account:Actual yield = theoretical yield * percentage yieldActual yield = 17.37 g * 0.75 = 13.03 gTherefore, the theoretical yield of 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid that can be obtained from the reaction of 10 grams of benzoic acid with excess nitric acid, if the reaction has a 75% yield, is approximately 13.03 grams.