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What is the Faraday constant, and how is it calculated for a given electrochemical cell? Take the example of a cell with nickel electrodes in 1M nickel sulfate solution at 25°C and apply the formula to determine the Faraday constant.

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The Faraday constant  F  is a fundamental constant in electrochemistry that represents the charge of one mole of electrons. It is used to relate the amount of charge transferred during an electrochemical reaction to the amount of substance involved in the reaction. The Faraday constant is approximately 96,485 Coulombs per mole of electrons  C/mol e- .The Faraday constant is not calculated for a specific electrochemical cell; it is a universal constant applicable to all electrochemical cells. However, you can use the Faraday constant to calculate the amount of charge transferred in a specific electrochemical reaction.For example, consider a cell with nickel electrodes in a 1M nickel sulfate  NiSO4  solution at 25C. The balanced half-reaction for the reduction of nickel ions  Ni2+  to solid nickel  Ni  is:Ni2+ + 2e-  NiFrom the balanced half-reaction, we can see that 2 moles of electrons  2e-  are required to reduce 1 mole of Ni2+ ions to solid nickel. To calculate the charge transferred during this reaction, you can use the Faraday constant:Charge  Q  = n * Fwhere n is the number of moles of electrons involved in the reaction, and F is the Faraday constant.For the reduction of 1 mole of Ni2+ ions:Q =  2 mol e-  *  96,485 C/mol e- Q = 192,970 CoulombsSo, 192,970 Coulombs of charge are transferred during the reduction of 1 mole of Ni2+ ions to solid nickel in this electrochemical cell.

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