Enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down carbohydrates in the human body. Carbohydrates are one of the primary sources of energy for our body, and they are mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They can be classified into three main types: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.The process of breaking down carbohydrates begins in the mouth, where the enzyme salivary amylase starts to break down complex carbohydrates starch into simpler sugars. The process continues in the small intestine, where pancreatic amylase further breaks down the carbohydrates into maltose, a disaccharide.Specific enzymes called carbohydrases are responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into their simplest forms, which can be easily absorbed by the body. Some of the key carbohydrases include:1. Amylase: Breaks down starch into maltose.2. Maltase: Breaks down maltose into glucose.3. Sucrase: Breaks down sucrose table sugar into glucose and fructose.4. Lactase: Breaks down lactose milk sugar into glucose and galactose.The chemical structures of carbohydrates contribute to their function in the human body in several ways:1. Solubility: Simple sugars like glucose and fructose are soluble in water, which allows them to be easily transported in the bloodstream and absorbed by cells for energy production.2. Energy storage: Polysaccharides like glycogen in animals and starch in plants serve as energy storage molecules. Their large, branched structures allow them to store a significant amount of glucose units, which can be broken down when the body requires energy.3. Structural support: Some carbohydrates, like cellulose in plants and chitin in insects, provide structural support due to their strong, fibrous structures.In summary, enzymes play a vital role in breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. The chemical structures of carbohydrates contribute to their solubility, energy storage, and structural support functions in the human body.