The structure and properties of coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks MOFs can be manipulated for specific applications such as gas storage, catalysis, or drug delivery through the following strategies:1. Choice of metal ions: The selection of appropriate metal ions can influence the overall structure, stability, and properties of the coordination polymers and MOFs. Different metal ions have different coordination preferences, which can lead to various structural topologies and functionalities.2. Choice of organic ligands: The choice of organic ligands plays a crucial role in determining the structure, porosity, and functionality of coordination polymers and MOFs. By selecting ligands with specific functional groups, one can introduce desired properties such as hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, or specific binding sites for guest molecules.3. Control of topology and connectivity: The connectivity between metal ions and organic ligands can be controlled by selecting appropriate ligands with specific coordination geometries. This can lead to the formation of various topologies, such as one-dimensional chains, two-dimensional layers, or three-dimensional frameworks, which can influence the overall properties of the material.4. Post-synthetic modification: The properties of coordination polymers and MOFs can be further tailored by post-synthetic modification techniques, such as solvent exchange, ion exchange, or chemical functionalization. This can introduce new functionalities or enhance existing properties, such as increasing the surface area, modifying the pore size, or introducing catalytic sites.5. Control of porosity and surface area: The pore size and surface area of coordination polymers and MOFs can be controlled by selecting appropriate ligands and metal ions, as well as by controlling the synthesis conditions. High surface area and porosity are essential for applications such as gas storage and catalysis.6. Incorporation of active sites: For catalysis and drug delivery applications, the incorporation of active sites within the coordination polymers and MOFs is crucial. This can be achieved by selecting metal ions with specific catalytic properties or by introducing functional groups on the organic ligands that can act as active sites.7. Control of stability and flexibility: The stability and flexibility of coordination polymers and MOFs can be controlled by selecting appropriate metal ions, organic ligands, and synthesis conditions. This is important for applications such as gas storage, where materials need to be stable under high pressure and temperature conditions, or drug delivery, where materials need to be stable under physiological conditions.By carefully designing and manipulating the structure and properties of coordination polymers and MOFs, researchers can develop materials with tailored properties for specific applications such as gas storage, catalysis, or drug delivery.