The properties of coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks MOFs can be tailored for specific applications by carefully selecting the metal ions, organic ligands, and synthesis conditions. By controlling these factors, it is possible to design MOFs with desired properties such as pore size, surface area, stability, and functionality. These properties can be optimized for various applications, including gas storage, catalysis, drug delivery, and sensing.One example of a MOF synthesized for a particular purpose is the MOF-74 also known as CPO-27 , which has been designed for gas storage and separation applications, particularly for carbon dioxide CO2 capture. MOF-74 is composed of metal ions such as Mg, Co, Ni, or Zn coordinated to 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid DOBDC ligands, forming a three-dimensional structure with one-dimensional channels.The properties of MOF-74 were optimized for CO2 capture through the following strategies:1. Choice of metal ions: The metal ions in MOF-74 have a strong affinity for CO2 molecules, which enhances the adsorption capacity of the MOF. The choice of metal ions can also influence the stability and selectivity of the MOF for CO2 capture.2. Choice of organic ligands: The DOBDC ligands in MOF-74 contain hydroxyl groups, which can form hydrogen bonds with CO2 molecules, further enhancing the adsorption capacity. The ligands also provide rigidity to the MOF structure, ensuring high stability under various conditions.3. Pore size and surface area: MOF-74 has a high surface area and pore size suitable for CO2 adsorption. The one-dimensional channels in MOF-74 have a diameter of approximately 12 , which allows for the selective adsorption of CO2 over other gases such as nitrogen N2 and methane CH4 .4. Synthesis conditions: The synthesis conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and solvent choice, can be adjusted to control the crystallinity, porosity, and overall performance of MOF-74. For example, solvothermal synthesis at higher temperatures can lead to more crystalline and stable MOF-74 structures.In summary, the properties of MOF-74 were tailored for CO2 capture by selecting appropriate metal ions and organic ligands, as well as optimizing the pore size, surface area, and synthesis conditions. This MOF has demonstrated excellent performance in gas storage and separation applications, highlighting the potential of MOFs for addressing critical environmental and energy challenges.