Changing the molecular weight of a polymer has a significant effect on its melt viscosity. Melt viscosity is a measure of a polymer's resistance to flow when heated. As the molecular weight of a polymer increases, the melt viscosity generally increases as well. This is because higher molecular weight polymers have longer chains, which can become more entangled and create a higher resistance to flow.Rheological measurements, such as shear rate and shear stress, can be used to quantitatively measure the effect of molecular weight on melt viscosity. Shear rate is the rate at which a material is deformed under shear stress, while shear stress is the force applied per unit area to cause deformation. The relationship between shear stress and shear rate is described by the viscosity of the material: = / To study the effect of molecular weight on melt viscosity, a series of polymers with different molecular weights can be prepared and their rheological properties measured using a rheometer. A rheometer is an instrument that applies controlled shear stress or shear rate to a material and measures its response deformation .In a typical rheological experiment, the polymer melt is placed between two parallel plates, one of which is stationary while the other one moves at a controlled speed. The shear stress and shear rate are measured as the moving plate applies force to the polymer melt. By varying the shear rate and measuring the corresponding shear stress, a flow curve can be obtained, which represents the relationship between shear stress and shear rate for the polymer melt.The flow curve can be used to determine the viscosity of the polymer melt at different shear rates. By comparing the flow curves and viscosities of polymers with different molecular weights, the effect of molecular weight on melt viscosity can be quantitatively analyzed.In general, polymers with higher molecular weights will exhibit higher viscosities at the same shear rate, indicating a higher resistance to flow. This relationship can be further analyzed using models such as the power-law model or the Cross-WLF model, which can provide additional insights into the relationship between molecular weight and melt viscosity.In summary, the effect of molecular weight on the melt viscosity of a polymer can be quantitatively measured using rheological measurements such as shear rate and shear stress. By comparing the flow curves and viscosities of polymers with different molecular weights, the relationship between molecular weight and melt viscosity can be established and analyzed.