Alkenes and alkynes are both hydrocarbons, which means they are composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms. However, they differ in terms of their chemical structure and properties due to the type of carbon-carbon bonds they possess.1. Chemical Structure:- Alkenes: Alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond C=C in their structure. The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n, where n is the number of carbon atoms. Examples of alkenes include ethene C2H4 , propene C3H6 , and butene C4H8 .- Alkynes: Alkynes contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond CC in their structure. The general formula for alkynes is CnH2n-2, where n is the number of carbon atoms. Examples of alkynes include ethyne C2H2 , propyne C3H4 , and butyne C4H6 .2. Properties:- Bonding and Geometry: In alkenes, the carbon-carbon double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond. The geometry around the double bond is planar, with bond angles of approximately 120 degrees. In alkynes, the carbon-carbon triple bond consists of one sigma bond and two pi bonds. The geometry around the triple bond is linear, with bond angles of 180 degrees.- Reactivity: Alkenes are generally more reactive than alkanes single-bonded hydrocarbons due to the presence of the double bond, which can undergo addition reactions. Alkynes are even more reactive than alkenes because of the presence of the triple bond, which can undergo both addition and reduction reactions.- Stability: Alkynes are less stable than alkenes due to the higher energy associated with the triple bond. As a result, alkynes tend to undergo reactions that reduce the triple bond to a double or single bond, releasing energy in the process.- Physical Properties: Alkenes and alkynes are both nonpolar molecules, which means they have low boiling and melting points, and are insoluble in water. However, alkynes generally have slightly higher boiling points than alkenes with the same number of carbon atoms due to the increased strength of the triple bond.In summary, the main differences between alkenes and alkynes lie in their chemical structure double bond vs. triple bond and their properties, including reactivity, stability, and physical properties.