0 votes
41 views
in Chemical bonding by (390 points)
Calculate the formal charge on each atom in the molecule CO3^2-.

1 Answer

0 votes
by (550 points)
To calculate the formal charge on each atom in the molecule CO3^2-, we need to follow these steps:1. Determine the number of valence electrons for each atom.2. Calculate the number of non-bonding  lone pair  electrons for each atom.3. Calculate the number of bonding electrons for each atom.4. Calculate the formal charge for each atom using the formula: Formal charge = Valence electrons -  Non-bonding electrons + 1/2 Bonding electrons CO3^2- is a carbonate ion, which has a resonance structure. The molecule consists of one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms, with one of the oxygen atoms having a double bond with the carbon atom, and the other two oxygen atoms having single bonds with the carbon atom. The molecule has a -2 charge.Step 1: Valence electrons- Carbon  C : 4 valence electrons- Oxygen  O : 6 valence electronsStep 2: Non-bonding  lone pair  electrons- Carbon  C : 0 lone pair electrons  all electrons are involved in bonding - Oxygen with a double bond  O : 4 lone pair electrons  2 lone pairs - Oxygen with a single bond  O : 6 lone pair electrons  3 lone pairs Step 3: Bonding electrons- Carbon  C : 4 bonding electrons  1 double bond and 2 single bonds - Oxygen with a double bond  O : 4 bonding electrons  1 double bond - Oxygen with a single bond  O : 2 bonding electrons  1 single bond Step 4: Calculate the formal charge for each atom- Carbon  C : 4 -  0 + 1/2 * 4  = 4 - 2 = 0- Oxygen with a double bond  O : 6 -  4 + 1/2 * 4  = 6 - 6 = 0- Oxygen with a single bond  O : 6 -  6 + 1/2 * 2  = 6 - 7 = -1The formal charges for the atoms in the CO3^2- molecule are:- Carbon  C : 0- Oxygen with a double bond  O : 0- Oxygen with a single bond  O : -1  for each of the two oxygen atoms Since there are two oxygen atoms with a single bond and a -1 charge, the overall charge of the molecule is -2, which matches the given charge of CO3^2-.
Welcome to Sarvan Science Q&A, where you can ask questions and receive answers from other members of the community.
...