To calculate the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid, we first need to determine the limiting reactant in the reaction. The balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid is:C7H6O3 salicylic acid + C4H6O3 acetic anhydride C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid + C2H4O2 acetic acid First, we need to find the moles of each reactant:Molar mass of salicylic acid C7H6O3 = 7 12.01 + 6 1.01 + 3 16.00 = 138.12 g/molMoles of salicylic acid = 5 g / 138.12 g/mol = 0.0362 molThe density of acetic anhydride is approximately 1.08 g/mL, so 10 mL of acetic anhydride weighs 10 mL 1.08 g/mL = 10.8 g.Molar mass of acetic anhydride C4H6O3 = 4 12.01 + 6 1.01 + 3 16.00 = 102.09 g/molMoles of acetic anhydride = 10.8 g / 102.09 g/mol = 0.1058 molNow, we can determine the limiting reactant by comparing the mole ratio of the reactants:Mole ratio of salicylic acid to acetic anhydride = 0.0362 mol / 0.1058 mol = 0.342Since the mole ratio is less than 1, salicylic acid is the limiting reactant.Now, we can calculate the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid:Moles of acetylsalicylic acid = moles of salicylic acid = 0.0362 molMolar mass of acetylsalicylic acid C9H8O4 = 9 12.01 + 8 1.01 + 4 16.00 = 180.16 g/molTheoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid = 0.0362 mol 180.16 g/mol = 6.52 gSo, the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid is 6.52 grams, assuming complete reaction and 100% yield.