To calculate the theoretical yield and actual yield, we first need to determine the limiting reactant. The balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid aspirin is:C7H6O3 salicylic acid + C4H6O3 acetic anhydride C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid + C2H4O2 acetic acid Molar masses:Salicylic acid: 138.12 g/molAcetic anhydride: 102.09 g/molAcetylsalicylic acid: 180.16 g/molFirst, convert the masses of the reactants to moles:moles of salicylic acid = 3 g / 138.12 g/mol = 0.0217 molmoles of acetic anhydride = 5 g / 102.09 g/mol = 0.0489 molNow, compare the mole ratios of the reactants to determine the limiting reactant:0.0217 mol salicylic acid / 1 = 0.02170.0489 mol acetic anhydride / 1 = 0.0489Since 0.0217 is smaller than 0.0489, salicylic acid is the limiting reactant.Now, calculate the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid:0.0217 mol salicylic acid * 1 mol acetylsalicylic acid / 1 mol salicylic acid * 180.16 g/mol = 3.91 gFinally, calculate the actual yield based on the 95% yield:Actual yield = 0.95 * 3.91 g = 3.71 gSo, the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid is 3.91 g, and the actual yield is 3.71 g.