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What is the maximum amount of work that can be obtained from a reversible isothermal expansion of a gas at 25°C when the initial pressure is 4.00 atm and the final pressure is 1.00 atm and the initial volume of the gas is 3.00 L?

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To calculate the maximum work obtained from a reversible isothermal expansion, we can use the formula:W = -nRT * ln Vf / Vi where W is the work done, n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and Vf and Vi are the final and initial volumes, respectively.First, we need to find the number of moles  n  of the gas. We can use the ideal gas law:PV = nRTwhere P is the pressure, V is the volume, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Rearranging the equation to solve for n:n = PV / RTWe are given the initial pressure  Pi = 4.00 atm , initial volume  Vi = 3.00 L , and temperature  25C . First, we need to convert the temperature to Kelvin:T = 25C + 273.15 = 298.15 KNow, we can find the number of moles:n =  4.00 atm * 3.00 L  /  0.0821 L atm/mol K * 298.15 K n  0.493 molesNext, we need to find the final volume  Vf . Since the process is isothermal, we can use Boyle's law:Pi * Vi = Pf * Vfwhere Pf is the final pressure. We are given the final pressure  Pf = 1.00 atm . Rearranging the equation to solve for Vf:Vf = Pi * Vi / PfVf =  4.00 atm * 3.00 L  / 1.00 atmVf = 12.00 LNow, we can calculate the maximum work obtained from the reversible isothermal expansion:W = -nRT * ln Vf / Vi W = - 0.493 moles  *  8.314 J/mol K  *  298.15 K  * ln 12.00 L / 3.00 L W  -5709.4 JThe maximum amount of work that can be obtained from the reversible isothermal expansion is approximately -5709.4 J. The negative sign indicates that the work is done by the system  the gas  on the surroundings.

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