The temperature affects the selectivity of a reaction involving the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by iodide ions in several ways. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 can produce water H2O and oxygen O2 as products. The overall reaction is:2 H2O2 2 H2O + O2In the presence of iodide ions I- , the reaction is catalyzed, and the rate of the reaction increases. The iodide ions act as a catalyst by forming an intermediate species with hydrogen peroxide, which then decomposes to produce the products. The catalytic cycle is as follows:1. H2O2 + I- HOI + OH-2. HOI + H2O2 H2O + O2 + I-Now, let's discuss how temperature affects the selectivity of this reaction:1. Activation energy: The rate of a chemical reaction depends on the activation energy, which is the minimum energy required for the reactants to collide and form products. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases, and more molecules have enough energy to overcome the activation energy barrier. This leads to an increase in the rate of the reaction.2. Reaction rate: The rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the temperature. According to the Arrhenius equation, the rate constant k of a reaction is related to temperature T by the equation:k = Ae^-Ea/RT where A is the pre-exponential factor, Ea is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. As the temperature increases, the rate constant k increases, leading to a faster reaction rate.3. Selectivity: The selectivity of a reaction refers to the preference for the formation of one product over another. In the case of hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyzed by iodide ions, the selectivity is affected by the temperature because the reaction rates of the different pathways may have different temperature dependencies. As the temperature increases, the reaction rates of both the catalyzed and uncatalyzed pathways may change, potentially altering the selectivity of the reaction.In summary, the temperature affects the selectivity of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by iodide ions by influencing the activation energy, reaction rate, and the relative rates of the different reaction pathways. Higher temperatures generally lead to faster reaction rates, but the effect on selectivity depends on the specific temperature dependencies of the different reaction pathways. To optimize the selectivity for a particular product, it is essential to carefully control the reaction temperature and consider the temperature dependencies of the various reaction pathways.