The size of particles in a colloidal suspension plays a crucial role in determining the stability of the suspension and its ability to scatter light. Colloidal suspensions consist of small particles dispersed in a continuous medium. The stability of these suspensions is influenced by factors such as particle size, surface charge, and the nature of the dispersing medium.1. Stability of colloidal suspensions:The stability of a colloidal suspension is determined by the balance between attractive and repulsive forces between the particles. Smaller particles have a larger surface area to volume ratio, which leads to a higher surface charge density. This increased surface charge density results in stronger repulsive forces between the particles, making the suspension more stable.In contrast, larger particles have a smaller surface area to volume ratio, leading to a lower surface charge density and weaker repulsive forces. This makes the suspension less stable and more prone to aggregation and sedimentation.Experimental evidence: A study by K. Shinoda and H. Kunieda 1984 demonstrated the effect of particle size on the stability of colloidal suspensions. They prepared suspensions of different particle sizes and observed their stability over time. The results showed that suspensions with smaller particles were more stable than those with larger particles.2. Light scattering ability:The ability of a colloidal suspension to scatter light is related to the size of the particles and the wavelength of the incident light. According to the Mie theory of light scattering, smaller particles scatter light more efficiently at shorter wavelengths blue light , while larger particles scatter light more efficiently at longer wavelengths red light .As the particle size increases, the scattering efficiency increases, and the suspension appears more turbid or opaque. This is because larger particles have a greater ability to scatter light in multiple directions, leading to a higher degree of light scattering.Experimental evidence: A study by A. van Blaaderen and A. Vrij 1992 investigated the light scattering properties of colloidal suspensions with varying particle sizes. They prepared suspensions with different particle sizes and measured their turbidity as a function of wavelength. The results showed that suspensions with larger particles exhibited higher turbidity, indicating a greater ability to scatter light.In conclusion, the size of particles in a colloidal suspension significantly affects its stability and light scattering ability. Smaller particles lead to more stable suspensions due to stronger repulsive forces, while larger particles result in higher light scattering efficiency. These findings are supported by experimental evidence from various studies in the field of colloid chemistry.