The preparation of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline from aniline and chlorine gas can be achieved through a two-step process:1. Nitration of aniline to form 4-nitroaniline:Aniline C6H5NH2 is first nitrated to form 4-nitroaniline C6H4 NO2 NH2 . This reaction requires a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid H2SO4 and concentrated nitric acid HNO3 as the nitrating agents. The reaction is carried out at low temperatures 0-5C to minimize the formation of undesired by-products.2. Chlorination of 4-nitroaniline to form 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline:4-nitroaniline is then chlorinated using chlorine gas Cl2 to form 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline C6H3Cl NO2 NH2 . This reaction requires a catalyst, such as cupric chloride CuCl2 or iron III chloride FeCl3 , to facilitate the electrophilic aromatic substitution. The reaction is typically carried out at room temperature 20-25C and under atmospheric pressure.In summary, the appropriate reaction conditions for the successful preparation of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline from aniline and chlorine gas are:1. Nitration step:- Temperature: 0-5C- Nitrating agents: Concentrated H2SO4 and HNO32. Chlorination step:- Temperature: 20-25C room temperature - Pressure: Atmospheric pressure- Catalyst: Cupric chloride CuCl2 or iron III chloride FeCl3