The optimized conditions for synthesizing polyvinyl alcohol PVA from vinyl acetate monomer VAM involve a two-step process: the polymerization of VAM to polyvinyl acetate PVAc and the hydrolysis of PVAc to PVA.1. Polymerization of VAM to PVAc:- Initiator: A suitable initiator, such as potassium persulfate KPS or benzoyl peroxide BPO , is required to initiate the polymerization reaction.- Temperature: The reaction is typically carried out at a temperature between 50-80C. Higher temperatures can lead to faster reaction rates but may also result in side reactions and degradation of the polymer.- Reaction time: The reaction time depends on the desired molecular weight of the PVAc. Generally, a longer reaction time leads to a higher molecular weight. Typical reaction times range from a few hours to 24 hours.- Solvent: A solvent, such as water or a mixture of water and alcohol, is used to control the viscosity of the reaction mixture and facilitate heat transfer.2. Hydrolysis of PVAc to PVA:- Catalyst: An alkaline catalyst, such as sodium hydroxide NaOH or potassium hydroxide KOH , is used to facilitate the hydrolysis reaction.- Temperature: The hydrolysis reaction is typically carried out at a temperature between 60-90C. Higher temperatures can lead to faster reaction rates but may also result in side reactions and degradation of the polymer.- Reaction time: The reaction time depends on the desired degree of hydrolysis of the PVAc. Generally, a longer reaction time leads to a higher degree of hydrolysis. Typical reaction times range from a few hours to 24 hours.- Solvent: A solvent, such as water or a mixture of water and alcohol, is used to control the viscosity of the reaction mixture and facilitate heat transfer.Optimized conditions for synthesizing PVA from VAM will vary depending on the specific requirements of the application, such as the desired molecular weight and degree of hydrolysis. It is essential to carefully control the reaction parameters to achieve the desired properties of the final PVA product.