The optimal reaction conditions for the efficient synthesis of polyvinyl chloride PVC from vinyl chloride monomer VCM are as follows:1. Temperature: The polymerization reaction of VCM to form PVC is an exothermic process. The optimal temperature for this reaction is typically in the range of 40-60C 104-140F . Maintaining the temperature within this range ensures a controlled reaction rate and minimizes the risk of a runaway reaction.2. Pressure: The reaction is carried out under moderate pressure, usually in the range of 10-20 atmospheres atm . This helps to maintain the VCM in the liquid phase, which is essential for the polymerization process.3. Catalyst: The polymerization of VCM to PVC is an example of a free radical chain reaction. Therefore, it requires a free radical initiator as a catalyst. Commonly used initiators include organic peroxides e.g., benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide and azo compounds e.g., azobisisobutyronitrile . The choice of initiator depends on factors such as reaction temperature, desired molecular weight of the PVC, and the specific process used for the polymerization.In addition to these conditions, other factors such as agitation, reaction time, and the presence of additives e.g., chain transfer agents, stabilizers can also influence the efficiency and properties of the synthesized PVC. The specific combination of these factors depends on the desired properties of the final PVC product and the scale of the production process.