The magnetic properties of data storage materials like iron Fe , cobalt Co , and nickel Ni are significantly affected by temperature variations. These materials are ferromagnetic, meaning they exhibit strong magnetic properties when exposed to an external magnetic field. However, as the temperature increases, their magnetic properties change due to the following factors:1. Curie temperature: Each ferromagnetic material has a specific temperature, called the Curie temperature Tc , at which its magnetic properties are lost, and it becomes paramagnetic. For iron, the Curie temperature is around 770C, for cobalt it is around 1,115C, and for nickel, it is around 358C. When heated above their respective Curie temperatures, these materials lose their ferromagnetism, which can lead to data loss in storage devices.2. Thermal agitation: As the temperature increases, the thermal energy of the atoms in the material also increases. This causes the magnetic moments of the atoms to become more randomly oriented, which weakens the overall magnetic properties of the material. This effect is more pronounced at higher temperatures, leading to a decrease in the coercivity resistance to demagnetization and remanence remaining magnetization after the removal of the external magnetic field of the material.3. Thermal expansion: The increase in temperature also causes the material to expand, which can lead to changes in the crystal structure and magnetic properties. This can affect the performance of data storage devices by altering the magnetic domains and their interactions.In summary, varying temperatures can significantly impact the magnetic properties of data storage materials like iron, cobalt, and nickel. As the temperature increases, the materials' magnetic properties weaken, which can lead to data loss or reduced performance in data storage devices. Therefore, it is essential to maintain optimal operating temperatures for these materials to ensure the reliability and longevity of data storage devices.