The ideal reaction conditions for the synthesis of polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP from vinylpyrrolidone VP monomer with high yield and purity are as follows:1. Temperature: The polymerization of VP is typically carried out at elevated temperatures, usually in the range of 50-90C. Higher temperatures can lead to faster reaction rates and shorter reaction times, but may also result in increased side reactions and lower purity.2. Pressure: The polymerization of VP is generally performed under atmospheric pressure. However, in some cases, it can be carried out under slightly elevated pressure e.g., 1-5 bar to improve the solubility of the monomer and increase the reaction rate.3. Catalyst: The most common catalysts used for the polymerization of VP are free-radical initiators, such as azo compounds e.g., azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN or peroxides e.g., benzoyl peroxide, BPO . These initiators are typically used at concentrations of 0.1-1.0 wt% relative to the monomer. The choice of initiator and its concentration can significantly affect the molecular weight, polydispersity, and purity of the resulting PVP.4. Solvent: The polymerization of VP can be carried out in bulk, solution, or suspension. In the case of solution polymerization, a suitable solvent e.g., water, methanol, or isopropanol can be used to control the viscosity of the reaction mixture and facilitate heat transfer. The choice of solvent can also affect the molecular weight and polydispersity of the resulting PVP.5. Inhibitors: To minimize side reactions and improve the purity of the resulting PVP, polymerization inhibitors e.g., hydroquinone or butylated hydroxytoluene, BHT can be added to the reaction mixture at concentrations of 10-100 ppm relative to the monomer.By optimizing these reaction conditions, it is possible to synthesize PVP with high yield and purity. However, it is important to note that the specific conditions may need to be adjusted depending on the desired molecular weight, polydispersity, and end-use application of the PVP.