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What is the dipole moment of carbon monoxide molecule and how is it calculated?

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The dipole moment of a carbon monoxide  CO  molecule is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges within the molecule. It is a vector quantity, which means it has both magnitude and direction. The dipole moment is calculated using the formula: = Q  dwhere  is the dipole moment, Q is the charge difference between the two atoms, and d is the distance between the two atoms.In the case of carbon monoxide, the electronegativity difference between carbon  C  and oxygen  O  causes a partial positive charge on the carbon atom and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom. The electronegativity values for carbon and oxygen are 2.55 and 3.44, respectively. The difference in electronegativity is 0.89, which indicates a polar covalent bond.The bond length between carbon and oxygen in CO is approximately 1.128   angstroms , or 1.128  10^-10  meters.To calculate the dipole moment, we need to determine the charge difference  Q  between the two atoms. This can be done using the equation:Q = e   EN / EN_total where e is the elementary charge  1.602  10^-19  C , EN is the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms, and EN_total is the sum of the electronegativities of the two atoms.Q =  1.602  10^-19  C    0.89 /  2.55 + 3.44  Q  2.7  10^-20  CNow, we can calculate the dipole moment: = Q  d =  2.7  10^-20  C    1.128  10^-10  m   3.0  10^-30  CmThe dipole moment of a carbon monoxide molecule is approximately 3.0  10^-30  Cm.
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