Temperature plays a crucial role in the adsorption of gases on solid surfaces. The effect of temperature on adsorption can be understood by comparing and contrasting the behavior of physisorption and chemisorption.Physisorption:Physisorption, also known as physical adsorption, is a process where gas molecules are adsorbed on a solid surface through weak van der Waals forces. The temperature dependence of physisorption can be explained as follows:1. At low temperatures, physisorption is favored because the weak van der Waals forces are more effective when the gas molecules have lower kinetic energy. As a result, the adsorption increases with a decrease in temperature.2. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules also increases. This leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the weak van der Waals forces, causing a reduction in adsorption.3. Physisorption typically follows the Langmuir isotherm, which indicates that the adsorption capacity of the solid surface is limited and reaches saturation at a certain point. At low temperatures, the isotherm shows a rapid increase in adsorption, while at higher temperatures, the isotherm becomes flatter, indicating a decrease in adsorption.Chemisorption:Chemisorption, also known as chemical adsorption, is a process where gas molecules are adsorbed on a solid surface through the formation of chemical bonds. The temperature dependence of chemisorption can be explained as follows:1. At low temperatures, chemisorption may not be favored because the formation of chemical bonds requires activation energy. The gas molecules may not have enough kinetic energy to overcome the activation energy barrier, leading to low adsorption.2. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules also increases, providing enough energy to overcome the activation energy barrier. This results in an increase in chemisorption.3. However, at very high temperatures, the adsorbed molecules may gain enough energy to break the chemical bonds, leading to desorption. This causes a decrease in chemisorption at extremely high temperatures.4. Chemisorption typically follows the Arrhenius equation, which indicates that the rate of adsorption increases exponentially with temperature until a certain point, after which desorption dominates.In summary, physisorption is favored at low temperatures and decreases with increasing temperature, while chemisorption generally increases with temperature up to a certain point, after which desorption dominates. The temperature dependence of both physisorption and chemisorption is crucial in determining the effectiveness of adsorption processes in various applications, such as gas separation, catalysis, and gas storage.