Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are organic compounds containing nitrogen atoms with different numbers of carbon atoms bonded to them. The classification of amines is based on the number of alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom:1. Primary amines 1 amines have one alkyl or aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom R-NH2 .2. Secondary amines 2 amines have two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom R2-NH .3. Tertiary amines 3 amines have three alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom R3-N .Physical properties:1. Boiling point: Primary amines have higher boiling points compared to secondary and tertiary amines due to the presence of hydrogen bonding. Secondary amines have a slightly higher boiling point than tertiary amines because they can still form hydrogen bonds, albeit less effectively than primary amines. Tertiary amines have the lowest boiling points as they cannot form hydrogen bonds.2. Solubility: Primary and secondary amines are generally more soluble in water than tertiary amines due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Tertiary amines are less soluble in water as they have more alkyl groups, which are hydrophobic.Chemical properties:1. Basicity: Amines are basic compounds due to the presence of a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom. Primary amines are generally more basic than secondary amines, which are more basic than tertiary amines. This trend is due to the inductive effect of the alkyl groups, which can donate electron density to the nitrogen atom, making it less available for accepting a proton.2. Nucleophilicity: Primary amines are more nucleophilic than secondary amines, which are more nucleophilic than tertiary amines. This is because the steric hindrance around the nitrogen atom increases as more alkyl groups are attached, making it more difficult for the nitrogen atom to donate its lone pair of electrons in a reaction.Reactivity in organic reactions:1. Alkylation: Primary amines can undergo alkylation with alkyl halides to form secondary amines, which can further react to form tertiary amines. The reactivity of amines in alkylation reactions decreases in the order primary > secondary > tertiary due to the increasing steric hindrance around the nitrogen atom.Example: CH3NH2 + CH3I CH3NHCH3 Methylamine reacts with methyl iodide to form dimethylamine 2. Acylation: Primary and secondary amines can react with acid chlorides or anhydrides to form amides. Tertiary amines do not undergo acylation due to the lack of a hydrogen atom on the nitrogen.Example: CH3NH2 + CH3COCl CH3NHCOCH3 + HCl Methylamine reacts with acetyl chloride to form N-methylacetamide 3. Formation of imines: Primary amines can react with aldehydes or ketones to form imines, while secondary amines form enamines. Tertiary amines do not react with aldehydes or ketones due to the absence of a hydrogen atom on the nitrogen.Example: CH3NH2 + CH3CHO CH3CH=NH + H2O Methylamine reacts with acetaldehyde to form an imine In summary, the differences in physical and chemical properties between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are mainly due to the number of alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. These differences affect their boiling points, solubility, basicity, nucleophilicity, and reactivity in various organic reactions.