Infrared IR spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique that can be used to identify and distinguish between different molecules based on their characteristic absorption of infrared radiation. In this case, we want to distinguish between ethanol C2H5OH and methanol CH3OH .To differentiate between ethanol and methanol using IR spectroscopy, we need to analyze their IR spectra and look for differences in the absorption bands. Here are the key differences in the IR spectra of ethanol and methanol:1. C-H stretching vibrations: Both ethanol and methanol have C-H stretching vibrations, but they occur at slightly different wavenumbers. For methanol, the C-H stretching vibrations are observed around 2830-2970 cm-1, while for ethanol, they are observed around 2800-3000 cm-1. Although these ranges overlap, the exact peak positions and intensities may vary, which can help in distinguishing the two compounds.2. O-H stretching vibrations: Both ethanol and methanol have O-H stretching vibrations due to the presence of the hydroxyl group. However, the O-H stretching vibrations in methanol typically occur around 3200-3550 cm-1, while in ethanol, they occur around 3200-3650 cm-1. The broader range in ethanol is due to the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which results in a more complex and broader absorption band.3. C-O stretching vibrations: The C-O stretching vibrations in methanol occur around 1020-1150 cm-1, while in ethanol, they occur around 1000-1300 cm-1. The exact peak positions and intensities may vary, which can help in distinguishing the two compounds.4. C-C stretching vibrations: Ethanol has a C-C bond, while methanol does not. The C-C stretching vibrations in ethanol occur around 910-925 cm-1. This band is absent in the IR spectrum of methanol, making it a key distinguishing feature between the two compounds.In summary, to distinguish between ethanol and methanol using IR spectroscopy, one should analyze their IR spectra and look for differences in the absorption bands, particularly the O-H stretching vibrations, C-O stretching vibrations, and the presence or absence of C-C stretching vibrations. Comparing the peak positions, intensities, and shapes of these bands can help in identifying and differentiating between the two compounds.