To determine the critical temperature Tc and critical magnetic field Hc of a superconducting material, you can follow these experimental procedures and analysis:1. Determination of critical temperature Tc :a. Four-point probe method: Prepare a sample of the superconducting material and connect it to a four-point probe setup. This method involves passing a constant current through the outer two probes and measuring the voltage drop across the inner two probes. The resistance of the sample can be calculated using Ohm's law.b. Cooling the sample: Cool the sample using a cryogenic system, such as a liquid helium or liquid nitrogen bath. Monitor the temperature using a temperature sensor, like a thermocouple or a resistance temperature detector RTD .c. Measuring resistance vs. temperature: As the temperature decreases, measure the resistance of the sample at various temperatures. Plot the resistance R as a function of temperature T .d. Identifying the critical temperature: The critical temperature Tc is the temperature at which the resistance of the material drops abruptly to zero or near-zero value, indicating the onset of superconductivity. From the R-T plot, identify the temperature at which this transition occurs.2. Determination of critical magnetic field Hc :a. Measuring magnetization: Using a magnetometer, such as a SQUID Superconducting Quantum Interference Device or a VSM Vibrating Sample Magnetometer , measure the magnetization M of the superconducting sample as a function of the applied magnetic field H at various temperatures below Tc.b. Plotting M-H curves: For each temperature, plot the magnetization M as a function of the applied magnetic field H .c. Identifying the critical magnetic field: The critical magnetic field Hc is the magnetic field at which the superconducting material loses its superconductivity and becomes a normal conductor. This can be identified from the M-H curves as the point where the magnetization starts to decrease rapidly with increasing magnetic field.d. Temperature dependence of Hc: Plot the critical magnetic field Hc as a function of temperature T for all measured temperatures below Tc. This will give you an understanding of how the critical magnetic field changes with temperature.By following these experimental measurements and analysis, you can determine the critical temperature and critical magnetic field of a superconducting material.