The coordination chemistry principles of chelation therapy can be applied to treat heavy metal poisoning in humans by using chelating agents that selectively bind to heavy metal ions, forming stable complexes that can be easily excreted from the body.1. Chelating agents: Chelating agents are organic compounds that have multiple electron donor atoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur, which can form coordinate covalent bonds with metal ions. These agents can form ring-like structures by donating their lone pair of electrons to the metal ion, thus surrounding and stabilizing it.2. Selectivity: The choice of chelating agent is crucial in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning. The chelating agent should have a high affinity for the toxic metal ion and low affinity for essential metal ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc. This ensures that the chelating agent selectively binds to the toxic metal ions without disturbing the balance of essential metal ions in the body.3. Stability: The chelating agent should form a stable complex with the toxic metal ion, ensuring that the metal ion remains bound to the chelating agent and does not dissociate during the excretion process. The stability of the complex is determined by the strength of the coordinate covalent bonds between the chelating agent and the metal ion.4. Excretion: Once the chelating agent has formed a stable complex with the toxic metal ion, the complex can be excreted from the body through urine or feces. The chelating agent should be water-soluble and non-toxic to facilitate easy excretion and minimize side effects.Examples of chelating agents used in chelation therapy for heavy metal poisoning include:- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid : Used for treating lead, mercury, and cadmium poisoning.- DMPS 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid : Used for treating mercury and arsenic poisoning.- DMSA dimercaptosuccinic acid : Used for treating lead, mercury, and arsenic poisoning.- BAL British Anti-Lewisite or dimercaprol : Used for treating arsenic, mercury, and gold poisoning.In summary, the coordination chemistry principles of chelation therapy can be applied to treat heavy metal poisoning in humans by using chelating agents that selectively bind to heavy metal ions, forming stable complexes that can be easily excreted from the body. This process helps to reduce the concentration of toxic metal ions in the body and alleviate the symptoms of heavy metal poisoning.