To determine whether a molecule exhibits geometrical or optical isomerism, you need to examine its structure and bonding. Here's how you can identify each type of isomerism:1. Geometrical isomerism cis-trans or E-Z isomerism :Geometrical isomerism occurs in molecules with restricted rotation around a double bond or in cyclic compounds. To identify if a molecule exhibits geometrical isomerism, look for the following features:a. The presence of a carbon-carbon double bond C=C or a cyclic structure that restricts rotation.b. Two different groups or atoms attached to each of the carbon atoms involved in the double bond or the restricted rotation.If these conditions are met, the molecule can exhibit geometrical isomerism. For example, in but-2-ene CH3CH=CHCH3 , there is a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms, and each carbon has two different groups attached to it a hydrogen and an ethyl group . This molecule exhibits geometrical isomerism.2. Optical isomerism enantiomers :Optical isomerism occurs in molecules that have a chiral center, which means they are non-superimposable on their mirror image. To identify if a molecule exhibits optical isomerism, look for the following features:a. The presence of a chiral center, which is typically a carbon atom with four different groups or atoms attached to it called a stereocenter .b. The molecule should not have an internal plane of symmetry.If these conditions are met, the molecule can exhibit optical isomerism. For example, in 2-butanol CH3CH OH CH2CH3 , the second carbon atom is a chiral center, as it has four different groups attached to it a hydrogen, a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, and an ethyl group . This molecule exhibits optical isomerism.In summary, to determine whether a molecule exhibits geometrical or optical isomerism, examine its structure for the presence of restricted rotation for geometrical isomerism or chiral centers for optical isomerism .