During a non-equilibrium process, the entropy of a system changes as the system moves towards equilibrium. Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system, and it generally increases as a system approaches equilibrium. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time for irreversible processes and remains constant for reversible processes.In a non-equilibrium process, the system is not in its most stable state, and there are driving forces that push the system towards equilibrium. These driving forces can be differences in temperature, pressure, or concentration. The direction of the process is determined by the tendency of the system to minimize its free energy, which is a combination of its internal energy, temperature, and entropy.Let's consider some examples from real-world systems to illustrate this concept:1. Heat transfer: When two objects with different temperatures come into contact, heat flows from the hotter object to the colder object until both objects reach the same temperature. This process is driven by the temperature difference between the objects, and the entropy of the system increases as the heat is transferred and the objects reach thermal equilibrium.2. Gas expansion: If a gas is initially confined to one side of a container and then allowed to expand into the entire container, the gas molecules will spread out and occupy the entire volume. This process is driven by the pressure difference between the two sides of the container, and the entropy of the system increases as the gas expands and reaches equilibrium.3. Dissolution of a solute in a solvent: When a solute is added to a solvent, the solute molecules will spread out and mix with the solvent molecules until a homogeneous solution is formed. This process is driven by the concentration difference between the solute and solvent, and the entropy of the system increases as the solute dissolves and the solution reaches equilibrium.In summary, the entropy of a system changes during a non-equilibrium process as the system moves towards equilibrium, and the direction of the process is determined by the driving forces that push the system towards a state of minimum free energy. The entropy of the system generally increases as it approaches equilibrium, in accordance with the Second Law of Thermodynamics.