The acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 2-methyl-3-butene to form 3-methyl-1-butene occurs through a series of steps involving the formation of a carbocation intermediate. Here's a step-by-step explanation of the mechanism:1. Protonation of the alkene: In the presence of an acid catalyst, the alkene 2-methyl-3-butene reacts with a proton H+ to form a carbocation intermediate. The double bond between carbons 3 and 4 breaks, and the proton attaches to carbon 3, forming a secondary carbocation at carbon 4.2. Carbocation rearrangement: The secondary carbocation formed in the previous step is not the most stable carbocation possible. A more stable carbocation can be formed by a 1,2-hydride shift. A hydride H- from the adjacent carbon carbon 3 moves to the carbocation center carbon 4 , forming a more stable tertiary carbocation at carbon 3.3. Deprotonation: In the final step, a base usually the conjugate base of the acid catalyst abstracts a proton from the carbon adjacent to the carbocation center carbon 1 . This results in the formation of a new double bond between carbons 1 and 3, yielding the final product, 3-methyl-1-butene.The rearrangement occurs because the tertiary carbocation formed in step 2 is more stable than the initial secondary carbocation. This is due to the inductive effect and hyperconjugation, which stabilize the positive charge on the carbocation center. The more stable carbocation leads to a lower energy transition state, making the rearrangement thermodynamically favorable.