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Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of water (H2O) given the following information:- The standard enthalpy of formation of hydrogen gas (H2) is 0 kJ/mol- The standard enthalpy of formation of oxygen gas (O2) is 0 kJ/mol- The standard enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen gas is -286 kJ/mol- The standard enthalpy of combustion of carbon (C) is -394 kJ/mol- The standard enthalpy of combustion of methane gas (CH4) is -890 kJ/mol

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To calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of water  H2O , we can use the given information and Hess's Law. Hess's Law states that the total enthalpy change for a reaction is the same, regardless of the path taken.First, let's write the balanced chemical equations for the combustion reactions:1. Combustion of hydrogen gas:   H2  g  + 1/2 O2  g   H2O  l       H = -286 kJ/mol2. Combustion of carbon:   C  s  + O2  g   CO2  g            H = -394 kJ/mol3. Combustion of methane gas:   CH4  g  + 2 O2  g   CO2  g  + 2 H2O  l     H = -890 kJ/molWe can use equations 2 and 3 to find the enthalpy change for the formation of water from its elements. First, we need to eliminate CO2 from the equations. To do this, we can reverse equation 2 and add it to equation 3:Reverse equation 2:   CO2  g   C  s  + O2  g            H = +394 kJ/molAdd reversed equation 2 to equation 3:   CH4  g  + 2 O2  g  + CO2  g   CO2  g  + 2 H2O  l  + C  s  + O2  g    H = -890 kJ/mol + 394 kJ/mol = -496 kJ/molNow, we can simplify the equation:   CH4  g  + O2  g   2 H2O  l  + C  s    H = -496 kJ/molNow, we need to eliminate CH4 and C from the equation. To do this, we can use the fact that the standard enthalpy of formation of hydrogen gas  H2  and carbon  C  is 0 kJ/mol. We can write the formation reaction for methane as:   C  s  + 2 H2  g   CH4  g       H = 0 kJ/molNow, we can add this equation to the previous one:   CH4  g  + O2  g  + C  s  + 2 H2  g   2 H2O  l  + C  s  + 2 H2  g    H = -496 kJ/mol + 0 kJ/mol = -496 kJ/molSimplify the equation:   CH4  g  + O2  g   2 H2O  l    H = -496 kJ/molNow, we can divide the equation by 2 to find the enthalpy change for the formation of 1 mole of water:   1/2 CH4  g  + 1/2 O2  g   H2O  l    H = -496 kJ/mol  2 = -248 kJ/molTherefore, the standard enthalpy of formation of water  H2O  is -248 kJ/mol.

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