0 votes
23 views
ago in Chemical thermodynamics by (450 points)
Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the neutralization of 50.0 mL of 0.100 M hydrochloric acid with 50.0 mL of 0.100 M sodium hydroxide, assuming that the specific heat capacity of the resulting solution is 4.18 J/g °C and the density of the solution is 1.00 g/mL.

1 Answer

0 votes
ago by (430 points)
To calculate the standard enthalpy change for the neutralization reaction, we first need to determine the heat released during the reaction  q  and then divide it by the number of moles of water formed.The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of hydrochloric acid  HCl  with sodium hydroxide  NaOH  is:HCl aq  + NaOH aq   NaCl aq  + H2O l From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaOH to produce 1 mole of water.First, let's find the number of moles of HCl and NaOH in the given volumes:moles of HCl =  volume of HCl    concentration of HCl moles of HCl =  50.0 mL    0.100 mol/L  = 0.00500 molmoles of NaOH =  volume of NaOH    concentration of NaOH moles of NaOH =  50.0 mL    0.100 mol/L  = 0.00500 molSince the moles of HCl and NaOH are equal, the reaction goes to completion and all of the acid and base are neutralized. Therefore, 0.00500 mol of water is formed.Next, we need to find the heat released during the reaction  q . We can use the formula:q = mcTwhere m is the mass of the solution, c is the specific heat capacity, and T is the temperature change.The mass of the solution can be found using the density and the total volume:mass = density  volumemass =  1.00 g/mL    50.0 mL + 50.0 mL  = 100.0 gNow we need to find the temperature change  T . Since we are calculating the standard enthalpy change, we assume that the reaction occurs under standard conditions  25C . The heat released during the reaction will cause the temperature of the solution to increase. The final temperature of the solution can be found using the heat released and the specific heat capacity:T = q /  mc T = q /  100.0 g  4.18 J/gC Now we can find the heat released  q :q = mcTq =  100.0 g    4.18 J/gC   TFinally, we can calculate the standard enthalpy change  H  by dividing the heat released  q  by the number of moles of water formed:H = q / moles of waterH = [ 100.0 g    4.18 J/gC   T] / 0.00500 molSince we don't have the value of T, we cannot provide a numerical value for the standard enthalpy change. However, you can use this formula to calculate H if you know the temperature change during the reaction.

Related questions

Welcome to Sarvan Science Q&A, where you can ask questions and receive answers from other members of the community.
...