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What is the difference between aldehydes and ketones in terms of their functional groups and reactivity? Provide examples of aldehydes and ketones commonly found in household products and explain their uses.

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Aldehydes and ketones are both organic compounds containing a carbonyl functional group  C=O . The main difference between them lies in the position of the carbonyl group and the types of atoms bonded to the carbonyl carbon.In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom and an alkyl or aryl group  R . The general formula for an aldehyde is RCHO. In ketones, the carbonyl group is bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups  R and R' . The general formula for a ketone is RCOR'.Reactivity:Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones due to the presence of the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbonyl carbon. This makes aldehydes more susceptible to nucleophilic attack and oxidation reactions. The electron-donating effect of the alkyl or aryl groups in ketones reduces the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon, making ketones less reactive towards nucleophiles and more resistant to oxidation.Examples of aldehydes and ketones in household products:1. Aldehydes:- Formaldehyde  HCHO : Formaldehyde is a common aldehyde found in household products. It is used as a disinfectant, preservative, and in the production of resins. It can be found in some cleaning products, particleboard, and plywood.- Acetaldehyde  CH3CHO : Acetaldehyde is used as a flavoring agent in some food products and as an intermediate in the production of acetic acid, perfumes, and dyes.2. Ketones:- Acetone  CH3COCH3 : Acetone is a widely used ketone found in many household products. It is commonly used as a solvent in nail polish removers, paint thinners, and adhesives. It is also used in the production of plastics and synthetic fibers.- Cyclohexanone  C6H10O : Cyclohexanone is used as a solvent in the production of adhesives, inks, and coatings. It is also an intermediate in the synthesis of nylon.In summary, the main difference between aldehydes and ketones lies in the position of the carbonyl group and the types of atoms bonded to the carbonyl carbon. Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones due to the presence of a hydrogen atom bonded to the carbonyl carbon. Examples of aldehydes and ketones in household products include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, and cyclohexanone, which have various uses such as disinfectants, solvents, and intermediates in the production of other chemicals.

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