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Calculate the enthalpy change when 50 mL of water at 20°C is mixed with 30 mL of ethanol at 30°C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J g^-1 °C^-1, the specific heat capacity of ethanol is 2.44 J g^-1 °C^-1, and the density of both water and ethanol are 1 g/mL. Assume that the final mixture is at a uniform temperature.

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To calculate the enthalpy change, we first need to find the final temperature of the mixture. We can do this by setting up an energy balance equation, where the heat gained by the colder substance equals the heat lost by the warmer substance.Let's denote the final temperature as Tf. The mass of water  m_water  is 50 g  since the density of water is 1 g/mL , and the mass of ethanol  m_ethanol  is 30 g  since the density of ethanol is also 1 g/mL .The heat gained by water  q_water  can be calculated using the formula:q_water = m_water  C_water   Tf - T_water The heat lost by ethanol  q_ethanol  can be calculated using the formula:q_ethanol = m_ethanol  C_ethanol   T_ethanol - Tf Since the heat gained by water equals the heat lost by ethanol, we can set up the following equation:m_water  C_water   Tf - T_water  = m_ethanol  C_ethanol   T_ethanol - Tf Now, we can plug in the values and solve for Tf:50 g  4.18 J g^-1 C^-1   Tf - 20C  = 30 g  2.44 J g^-1 C^-1   30C - Tf 209 J/C   Tf - 20C  = 73.2 J/C   30C - Tf Now, we can solve for Tf:209Tf - 4180 = 73.2  30 - 73.2Tf209Tf + 73.2Tf = 4180 + 2196282.2Tf = 6376Tf  22.6CNow that we have the final temperature, we can calculate the enthalpy change for both water and ethanol.For water:H_water = q_water = m_water  C_water   Tf - T_water H_water = 50 g  4.18 J g^-1 C^-1   22.6C - 20C H_water = 50 g  4.18 J g^-1 C^-1  2.6CH_water  543.8 JFor ethanol:H_ethanol = q_ethanol = m_ethanol  C_ethanol   T_ethanol - Tf H_ethanol = 30 g  2.44 J g^-1 C^-1   30C - 22.6C H_ethanol = 30 g  2.44 J g^-1 C^-1  7.4CH_ethanol  -543.8 JSince the enthalpy change for water is positive  heat is gained  and the enthalpy change for ethanol is negative  heat is lost , the overall enthalpy change for the system is approximately zero. This is because the heat gained by water is equal to the heat lost by ethanol, and there is no net change in enthalpy for the system.

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