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Calculate the bond order and bond length of the nitrogen-oxygen bond present in the nitrate ion (NO3-).

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To calculate the bond order and bond length of the nitrogen-oxygen bond in the nitrate ion  NO3- , we first need to determine the resonance structures of the ion.Resonance structures of NO3-:1. O = N - O^-  - O^- 2. O^-  - N = O - O^- 3. O^-  - O^-  - N = OThere are three resonance structures for the nitrate ion, and each nitrogen-oxygen bond is a single bond in one structure and a double bond in another. To calculate the bond order, we can average the bond orders across the three resonance structures.Bond order =  Total number of bonds in all resonance structures  /  Total number of resonance structures  number of N-O bonds per structure Bond order =  1 + 2 + 1  /  3  1  = 4 / 3  1.33The bond order of the nitrogen-oxygen bond in the nitrate ion is approximately 1.33.Now, let's calculate the bond length. The bond length of a molecule is inversely proportional to the bond order. As the bond order increases, the bond length decreases. We can use the known bond lengths of single and double nitrogen-oxygen bonds to estimate the bond length in the nitrate ion.The average bond length of a single N-O bond is approximately 1.47 , and the average bond length of a double N=O bond is approximately 1.22 . We can use these values to estimate the bond length of the nitrogen-oxygen bond in the nitrate ion by taking a weighted average based on the bond order.Bond length  NO3-    1.33 - 1    1.22  - 1.47   /  2 - 1  + 1.47 Bond length  NO3-   0.33   -0.25   + 1.47 Bond length  NO3-   -0.0825  + 1.47 Bond length  NO3-   1.3875 The bond length of the nitrogen-oxygen bond in the nitrate ion is approximately 1.39 .
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