Domain-general theories propose that cognitive development relies on general processes applicable to multiple domains, while domain-specific theories emphasise the independence and domain-specific factors influencing cognitive abilities. Both approaches contribute to understanding cognitive development: domain-general theories highlight common cognitive processes, while domain-specific theories account for variations in specific domains. The appropriateness of each approach depends on the research focus, with domain-general theories more suitable for overarching cognitive processes and domain-specific theories for specific cognitive domains. A comprehensive understanding of cognitive development requires a combination of both perspectives.