detection by predators
Many species use their body shape and coloration to avoid being detected by predators. The tropical walking stick is an insect with the coloration and body shape of a twig which makes it very hard to see when stationary against a background of real twigs Figure 45.20a . In another example, the chameleon can change its color to match its surroundings Figure 45.20b . Both of these are examples of camouflage, or avoiding detection by blending in with the background.