atomic numbers
Summary The periodic table is an arrangement of the elements in order of increasing atomic number. Elements that exhibit similar chemistry appear in vertical columns calledgroups numbered 118 from left to right ; the seven horizontal rows are calledperiods. Some of the groups have widely used common names, including thealkali metals group 1 and the alkaline earth metals group 2 on the far left, and the halogens group 17 and the noble gases group 18 on the far right. The elements can be broadly divided into metals, nonmetals, and semimetals. Semimetals exhibit properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals. Metals are located on the left of the periodic table, and nonmetals are located on the upper right. They are separated by a diagonal band of semimetals. Metals are lustrous, good conductors of electricity, and readily shaped they areductile and malleable , whereas solid nonmetals are generally brittle and poor electrical conductors. Other important groupings of elements in the periodic table are the main group elements, the transition metals, the lanthanides, and the actinides.