Question

The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of what, which is called the maxwell-boltzmann distribution?

Answer 1

molecular speeds

Distribution of Molecular Speeds The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds. This distribution is called the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, after its originators, who calculated it based on kinetic theory, and has since been confirmed experimentally.  See Figure 13.23.   The distribution has a long tail, because a few molecules may go several times the rms speed. The most probable speed v p is less than the rms speed.