amphoteric
Other applications of carbonates include glass makingwhere carbonate ions serve as a source of oxide ionsand synthesis of oxides. Hydrogen carbonates are amphoteric because they act as both weak acids and weak bases. Hydrogen carbonate ions act as acids and react with solutions of soluble hydroxides to form a carbonate and water: KHCO 3 aq + KOH aq K 2 CO 3 aq + H 2 O l With acids, hydrogen carbonates form a salt, carbon dioxide, and water. Baking soda bicarbonate of soda or sodium bicarbonate is sodium hydrogen carbonate. Baking powder contains baking soda and a solid acid such as potassium hydrogen tartrate cream of tartar , KHC4H4O6. As long as the powder is dry, no reaction occurs; immediately after the addition of water, the acid reacts with the hydrogen carbonate ions to form carbon dioxide: HC 4 H 4 O 6 aq + HCO 3 aq C 4 H 4 O 6 2 aq + CO 2 g + H 2 O l Dough will trap the carbon dioxide, causing it to expand during baking, producing the characteristic texture of baked goods.